Avoiding 21st-Century Eugenics: Gene Editing, Posthumanism, and Conscientious Innovation

Abstract

Emerging biotechnologies in the 21st century such as CRISPR gene editing have brought great potential for improving human health and treating fatal diseases. However, these technologies have also triggered profound ethical controversies and human rights challenges. By reviewing the 2018 He Jiankui incident and comparing it with earlier, less controversial experiments, this article analyzes the transformation of social concepts and the lag in ethical frameworks. The discussion extends to the broader posthumanist technological wave, emphasizing concerns about exacerbating inequality if genetic enhancements become routine, which echoes eugenics in history. This essay argues that technological progress should not come at the expense of human rights, and calls for a global pause in gene editing experiments, as well as the establishment of a global accountability system. The article finally emphasizes that humans must be guided by patience and responsibility on the road to the future, and while enjoying the benefits of science and technology, we must protect our common humanity and moral bottom lines.